Voevodins' Library _ "Focus Groups" 3rd edition / Richard A. Krueger & Mary Anne Casey ... Interview, People, Discussion, Decision Making, Development, Single-Category Design, Multiple-Category Design, Double-Layer Design, Broad-Involvement Design, Audience, Written Plan, Questioning Route, Categories of Questions, Opening Questions, Introductory Questions, Transition Questions, Key Questions, Ending Questions, Campaign, Strategies for Selecting Participants, Sampling Procedures for Focus Groups, Moderating Skills, Moderator, Discussion, Head Nodding, Question, Analysis Strategies, Long-Table Approach, Using the Computer to Help Manage the Data, Rapid Approach, Sound Approach, Principles of Reporting, Written Reports, Narrative Report, Top-Line Report, Bulleted Report, Report Letter to Participants, Oral Reports, Styles of Focus Group Research, Telephone Focus Groups, Internet Focus Groups, Media Focus Groups

Voevodins' Library _ "Focus Groups" 3rd edition / Richard A. Krueger & Mary Anne Casey ... Interview, People, Discussion, Decision Making, Development, Single-Category Design, Multiple-Category Design, Double-Layer Design, Broad-Involvement Design, Audience, Written Plan, Questioning Route, Categories of Questions, Opening Questions, Introductory Questions, Transition Questions, Key Questions, Ending Questions, Campaign, Strategies for Selecting Participants, Sampling Procedures for Focus Groups, Moderating Skills, Moderator, Discussion, Head Nodding, Question, Analysis Strategies, Long-Table Approach, Using the Computer to Help Manage the Data, Rapid Approach, Sound Approach, Principles of Reporting, Written Reports, Narrative Report, Top-Line Report, Bulleted Report, Report Letter to Participants, Oral Reports, Styles of Focus Group Research, Telephone Focus Groups, Internet Focus Groups, Media Focus Groups Voevodin's Library: Interview, People, Discussion, Decision Making, Development, Single-Category Design, Multiple-Category Design, Double-Layer Design, Broad-Involvement Design, Audience, Written Plan, Questioning Route, Categories of Questions, Opening Questions, Introductory Questions, Transition Questions, Key Questions, Ending Questions, Campaign, Strategies for Selecting Participants, Sampling Procedures for Focus Groups, Moderating Skills, Moderator, Discussion, Head Nodding, Question, Analysis Strategies, Long-Table Approach, Using the Computer to Help Manage the Data, Rapid Approach, Sound Approach, Principles of Reporting, Written Reports, Narrative Report, Top-Line Report, Bulleted Report, Report Letter to Participants, Oral Reports, Styles of Focus Group Research, Telephone Focus Groups, Internet Focus Groups, Media Focus Groups

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	SUMMARY We have observed four different styles to focus group research. The market research approach is by far the most popular and widely recognized. In fact, market research focus groups have become a well-established, extensive industry with professional moderators, special focus group facilities, and an assortment of added services to assist in recruitment, screening, recording, transcribing, and analyzing results. When people talk of focus groups, it is the market research focus group that typically comes to mind. These groups are distinguished by their tendency to include 10 to 12 participants gathered in a special room equipped with a one-way mirror. But other styles are emerging and are making distinct contributions to our understanding of focus group research. The academic research approach incorporates openness, rigor, and peer review. The public/nonprofit approach borrows elements from the academic research tradition in terms of careful analysis and openness but then seeks to be more decision oriented as opposed to developing theory. Finally, the participatory approach is drawing interest mostly because of what it does to develop commitment and interest. We offer these categories as a way of letting people know that not all focus group studies use the same approach. Of course, these four categories aren't mutually exclusive. We have been involved in studies where academics are working with a public agency. Team members want to publish in academic journals and make practical decisions based on the study. And public agencies often engage community groups in participatory focus groups. In the coming decades, other styles will emerge that will reflect other needs. Throughout all these styles, the focus groups still retain their distinctive quality of having a planned discussion using predetermined questions, guided by a skillful moderator, conducted in a permissive and nonthreatening manner, for the purposes of providing insight.

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